German is spoken by around 130 million people worldwide, making it one of Europe’s major languages. While many people associate it only with Germany, it is actually an official language in a few other countries and is spoken in various territories and expat communities.
German is an official language in six countries: Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, and Belgium. It is also widely spoken in parts of Italy (South Tyrol) and by communities worldwide. Germany and Austria have the largest number of native speakers.
This article explores countries where German is spoken, whether as an official language or widely spoken without official status.
How many countries speak German?
German is an official national language in six countries: Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, and Belgium. When you add the autonomous region of South Tyrol in Italy to these countries, they make up the German Sprachraum, or German-speaking area.
Together, these countries form the main German-speaking region of Europe. German is also widely spoken in parts of Italy and Poland, as well as by German-speaking communities in countries such as the US, Canada, Brazil, and Argentina.
Germany has by far the largest German-speaking population, with around 78% of the world's estimated 130 million German speakers living there.
Countries where German is official
| Country | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Germany | Sole official language | German is the main language spoken across the country. |
| Austria | Sole official language | Austrian German has some differences in vocabulary and pronunciation. |
| Switzerland | Co-official (with French, Italian, Romansh) | German is the country's most widely spoken language (63% of the population). Swiss German dialects differ significantly from Standard German. |
| Liechtenstein | Sole official language | German is the country's only official language. |
| Luxembourg | Co-official (with French and Luxembourgish) | German is used in government, media, and education, though Luxembourgish is the national language spoken most in daily life. |
| Belgium | Co-official (with Dutch and French) | German is official in the German-speaking Community in eastern Belgium. |
If you're thinking about moving to a German-speaking country, our guide to living in Germany as an expat covers practical topics such as banking, visas, and the cost of living.
Regions where German is widely spoken
German is not limited to these six countries. Several other regions have sizeable German-speaking populations.
South Tyrol, Italy
This is an autonomous province in northern Italy that borders Austria. German is its co-official language alongside Italian. The majority of the local population speaks German as their first language. This is because of the region's history as part of Austria-Hungary before being annexed to Italy after the First World War.
Poland
German is a recognised minority language in southern Poland, particularly in the Opole and Silesian voivodeships. These regions are home to communities with historical German heritage.
Brazil
German is spoken by communities in southern Brazil, particularly in Espírito Santo, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul. Some municipalities also recognise German as a co-official language. This is because Germans migrated to southern Brazil in the 19th and 20th centuries.
Diaspora communities
German-speaking communities can also be found in the US, Canada, Argentina, and other countries with a history of German immigration. However, German is not recognised as an official language in these countries.
German dialects and variation
Spoken German can sound very different depending on where you are. Standard German (Hochdeutsch) is the version taught in schools and used in formal writing, business, education, and the media. It provides a common form of communication across German-speaking countries.
- Swiss German (Schweizerdeutsch): Differs significantly from Standard German and can be difficult for native German speakers to understand. Pronunciation, vocabulary, and even some grammar can be different. Swiss German is used in everyday conversation, while Standard German is generally used for writing and formal contexts.
- Austrian German: This is much closer to Standard German than Swiss German, but it has its own distinct vocabulary, particularly in food, administrative terms, and everyday expressions. It also has a distinct, recognisable accent.
- Regional dialects in Germany: German dialects vary considerably. Bavarian in southern Germany, for example, can sound very different from the Low German dialects in the north. However, almost everyone understands Standard German, which is used in formal settings throughout the country.
For travellers and language learners, however, Standard German is usually enough. You may notice different accents and expressions, but you should be able to communicate across all six countries.
Travelling and sending money to German-speaking countries
The currencies used across German-speaking countries are not all the same. Germany, Austria, Luxembourg, and Belgium use the euro (€/EUR). Liechtenstein and Switzerland use the Swiss franc (CHF), as they are not members of the EU. Some shops, especially in tourist centres in Liechtenstein, might, however, accept euros.
Card acceptance in German-speaking countries
In Germany, Austria, Luxembourg, and Belgium, Visa and Mastercard are widely accepted in cities. However, smaller businesses in Germany might favour cash payments or local debit systems (EC-Karte) more than in many other European countries. In Switzerland, card payments are widely accepted and reliable nationwide.
If you ever find yourself in any of these countries, spending abroad with a Grey card connected to a foreign-currency balance avoids foreign transaction fees. This differs from many home bank cards, which charge extra fees on international transactions and convert your currency to euros at undisclosed, marked-up rates.
Read our guide on how to avoid foreign transaction fees before travelling.
Sending money to Germany
Germany is one of the world's largest economies and a common destination for business and personal transfers. If you are sending money from the US to Germany, Grey allows you to access USD, EUR, and GBP accounts with the associated account details. This means you can send money to Germany or euro accounts in other countries from anywhere using SEPA. This avoids the international wire transfer fees associated with cross-border payments using traditional banks.
Grey shows the applicable exchange rate and fees before you confirm your transfer, so you know the cost upfront. You can receive EUR payments at a 0.8% deposit fee, capped at 10 EUR. Conversions cost 0.5% to 1%, and sometimes are capped at $6 (EUR equivalent), depending on the corridor.
Whether you're travelling through Germany, paying for something in Switzerland, or sending money to someone in Europe, managing multiple currencies can make international payments easier. Spend and send money abroad with Grey across German-speaking countries with fees and exchange rates shown upfront.
Frequently asked questions about German-speaking countries
How many countries speak German?
German is an official national language in six countries: Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, and Belgium. It also holds co-official or regionally recognised status in South Tyrol (Italy), parts of Poland, and several Brazilian states. It is widely spoken unofficially in diaspora communities worldwide.
Which country has the most German speakers?
Germany has by far the most German speakers, both native and total, with its population accounting for about 78% of the world's German-speaking population. Austria has the second-largest concentration of native speakers, followed by Switzerland.
Is German spoken in Switzerland?
Yes. German is one of Switzerland's four national languages, alongside French, Italian, and Romansh, and it is the majority language, spoken natively by roughly 63% of the Swiss population, concentrated in the northern, central, and eastern cantons. Swiss German dialects differ significantly from Standard German in everyday spoken use, though Standard German is used in writing and formal contexts.
What currency do German-speaking countries use?
Five of the six German-speaking countries use the euro: Germany, Austria, Luxembourg, and Belgium as EU members, plus the effective use of the euro in parts of Liechtenstein. Switzerland uses the Swiss franc, as it is not part of the eurozone or the European Union. Liechtenstein officially uses the Swiss franc as its currency, given its close economic ties to Switzerland.
Can I spend abroad with a Grey card?
Yes. The Grey virtual card is linked to your foreign currency balance and can be used wherever Visa is accepted, including in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, and Belgium.
How do I send money to Germany?
Grey allows you to send money to Germany at transparent rates, with the fee and exchange rate shown before you confirm the transfer. This applies whether you are sending from the US or another country, and covers both personal transfers and business payments.












