What is a domiciliary account? How it works in Nigeria and better alternatives

Adeolu Titus Adekunle

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For a long time, a domiciliary account was the go-to answer for Nigerians who needed to hold or receive foreign currency. If you had reasons to manage USD, GBP, or EUR, you would need to visit a Nigerian bank and complete the rigorous paperwork to open a domiciliary account at a local bank. Despite the transaction delays and restricted access to foreign currency, it seemed like the best thing since sliced bread. Dom accounts were all we had, and we had to make do with them.

Things have now changed. We have better options for managing foreign currency and many Nigerians are looking away from dom accounts. This article explores the alternatives, what each offers, and helps you pick the right one for how you earn and spend.

What is a domiciliary account?

A domiciliary account is a foreign currency account offered by Nigerian commercial banks. It lets you hold USD, GBP, or EUR without immediate conversion to naira, and receive international transfers directly into a local account.

On paper, that sounds like a reasonable way to manage international payments. In practice, the experience rarely matches the description.

Opening a dom account typically requires a visit to a physical branch, a referee who already holds an account at the bank, a utility bill, a passport photograph, and, depending on the bank, an opening deposit of $100 to $200. The process can take days or longer. If you need to start receiving international payments urgently, going the dom account route means you are standing on a long thing.

Then there are the costs. SWIFT transfers to a domiciliary account incur charges on both the sending and receiving ends. The sender's bank charges a fee, intermediary banks take their cut ($15 to $50 is common), and your own bank charges a receiving fee on top. By the time the money settles, you could be looking at $30 to $70 less than what was sent, with no clear line-item breakdown of why. Some banks also impose monthly maintenance fees, withdrawal limits (both cash and transfers), and minimum balance requirements, which add friction to every interaction.

Despite the downsides, dom accounts still make sense for certain situations. If you are receiving large, infrequent wire transfers, or you want to hold a significant USD balance long-term under the regulation and deposit protection of a licensed Nigerian bank, a dom account serves that purpose. But for freelancers, remote workers, and entrepreneurs managing regular international income, the costs and friction add up quickly. That is where the alternatives come in.

Also read: Managing foreign currency earnings as a remote worker in Nigeria

What are the alternatives to dom accounts in Nigeria?

Here are the real options, with enough detail on each to make a decision.

Virtual foreign currency accounts

This is where most Nigerians who have moved away from dom accounts have landed, and the reasons are straightforward.

Platforms like Grey give you real USD, EUR, and GBP account details, including routing numbers, account numbers, and IBANs. These work the same way as foreign bank accounts from the sender's perspective. When your client in New York pays you via ACH using your Grey USD account details, it looks like a standard domestic transfer on their end. There is no SWIFT involved, which means no intermediary bank fees eat into your payment. The funds arrive in your Grey wallet, typically the same day for ACH transfers, and you can see the balance in the app immediately.

From there, you have options. You can hold the dollars in your wallet and convert to naira when the rate works for you, rather than being forced to convert at your bank's rate on the day the transfer arrives. You can spend the dollars directly using a Grey virtual card on subscriptions, software, advertising, or anything else that charges in USD. The card works everywhere Visa is accepted and supports Apple Pay and Google Pay, so you can tap to pay at physical stores in supported regions. Or you can withdraw to your Nigerian bank account when you need naira.

Virtual foreign currency accounts open in minutes, completely online. There is no branch visit, no referee, and no minimum deposit. You see the exchange rate before you confirm a conversion, so you know exactly what you are paying. This is the biggest contrast with dom accounts, where SWIFT fees and conversion costs are often opaque until after the transaction has settled.

Grey is the platform on which this article is published, so take that into account. Other platforms in this category include Geegpay (popular with freelancers, offers USD/GBP/EUR wallets and a virtual dollar card), Eversend (multi-currency wallets across several African countries), and Cleva (US-based USD account with FinCEN registration). Each has a slightly different fee structure, supported currencies, and feature set. Compare them based on the currencies you need, the exchange rate spread, and how quickly you can access your funds.

Best for: Freelancers, remote workers, consultants, and anyone receiving regular international payments from clients or employers. This is the most direct replacement for a dom account for day-to-day use.

Also read: How Nigerian freelancers scale income beyond one platform

Wise

Wise (formerly TransferWise) is one of the most well-known names in international money movement, and many Nigerians use it. You can open a Wise account from Nigeria and get USD, GBP, and EUR account details for receiving payments. Wise's biggest selling point is that it uses the mid-market exchange rate with a transparent fee on top, rather than hiding the cost in the rate spread. For outbound transfers, this is genuinely cheaper than most alternatives.

However, Wise has significant limitations for Nigerian residents that are worth understanding before you rely on it as your primary account.

No physical card in Nigeria. The Wise multi-currency card is not available for Nigerian residents, which limits your spending options to transfers and online payments.

Service disruptions. Wise has periodically adjusted its operations in Nigeria. In 2022, it suspended USD transfers to Nigeria due to infrastructure constraints. These disruptions can be disruptive if Wise is your only receiving option.

Strict anti-crypto policy. Wise prohibits transactions related to cryptocurrency. If the platform detects a transfer to or from a crypto exchange, it may permanently close your account. For Nigerian professionals who also deal in stablecoins, this is a real risk.

Not a bank. Wise is an Electronic Money Institution, not a bank. Your funds are held in safeguarding accounts, not in a bank account in your name. This is a technical distinction, but it matters if you are considering where to hold a large balance in the long term.

Best for: One-off or occasional international transfers where you want the best exchange rate. Less suitable as a primary account for Nigerian residents who need a card, regular access, or crypto flexibility.

Payoneer

Payoneer is an option many Nigerian freelancers encounter first, largely because of its strong integration with major international platforms. Upwork, Fiverr, Amazon, and dozens of other marketplaces offer Payoneer as a payout option. If your income comes primarily through those platforms, Payoneer remains a viable option.

However, Payoneer's conversion rates are not as transparent as those of newer platforms. There are also annual fees for accounts that do not meet certain activity thresholds, relatively high transaction charges compared to fintech alternatives, and an occasionally frustrating customer support experience. The NGN withdrawal rate is not always the best either; you may find better naira conversion rates on platforms like Grey or Geegpay.

Payoneer works best when your income flows through freelancing platforms that have native Payoneer integration. For direct client payments where you control the payment method, a virtual foreign currency account is typically a better option.

Best for: Freelancers receiving payouts from Upwork, Fiverr, Amazon, and other marketplaces that integrate Payoneer natively.

Also read: Top PayPal and Payoneer alternatives for African freelancers

Stablecoins and crypto

Despite the evolving regulatory landscape around crypto in Nigeria, stablecoins remain a practical option for professionals who know how to use them. Some Nigerian freelancers and entrepreneurs receive payments in USDT or USDC because they retain their dollar value, transactions settle in minutes, and fees are low.

The challenge is not in holding stablecoins. It is in the off-ramp: converting USDC or USDT back to naira. Peer-to-peer conversions are popular but carry counterparty risk if the buyer is not trustworthy. Exchange platforms offer more structure but may have their own fees and verification requirements. Some fintech platforms, including Grey, support USDC alongside their multi-currency offering, which bridges the gap between the crypto and traditional banking worlds.

One important note for 2026: under the new Nigeria Tax Act, stablecoin payments are treated as foreign income. If you receive $1,000 in USDC on a given date, that income must be converted to naira at the CBN exchange rate on the date of receipt for tax purposes. The same self-declaration and filing obligations that apply to USD bank transfers apply to crypto income. This does not make stablecoins impractical, but it means you need to track your receipts the same way you would track any other foreign income.

Best for: Crypto-native professionals, developers in the Web3 space, and anyone whose clients or platforms pay in stablecoins. Not a replacement for a bank account or virtual foreign account for most people, but a useful complement.

How the alternatives compare

Here is a side-by-side comparison of the key factors that matter when choosing how to manage foreign currency in Nigeria.

Table comparing domiciliary accounts, Grey, Payoneer, Wise and stablecoins

Which is right for you?

You earn regularly from international clients or an employer. A virtual foreign currency account is your best option. You get foreign bank details to share with clients, control over when you convert, and a card to spend directly in USD. This replaces a dom account for most day-to-day use cases.

Your income comes through Upwork, Fiverr, or Amazon. Start with Payoneer since these platforms integrate it natively. If you find the conversion rates eating into your earnings, consider adding a Grey or similar account and routing future direct client payments there instead.

You need to send a one-off international transfer and want the best rate. Wise is hard to beat on exchange rates for single transactions. Just be aware of its limitations as a full-time financial tool for Nigerian residents.

You receive large, infrequent transfers and want to hold USD for the long term. A dom account at a reputable Nigerian bank still works for this. The setup friction is a one-time cost, and the banking regulation provides a level of institutional protection that fintech platforms do not.

You are paid in crypto or stablecoins. Hold your stablecoins and use a platform that supports USDC conversion to naira when you need to spend locally. Track your receipts for tax purposes under the 2026 NRS rules.

Most Nigerians managing regular international income end up using a combination of methods. A virtual foreign account for the majority of their income, Payoneer for platform payouts, and occasionally a dom account or Wise for specific transactions. The key is to stop defaulting to the dom account for everything, because for regular use, the alternatives are faster, cheaper, and more flexible.

Manage your international income with Grey

Grey gives you USD, EUR, GBP, and USDC account details to receive international payments, a virtual Visa card with Apple Pay and Google Pay support for spending, a built-in invoicing tool for billing clients, and naira withdrawals to your Nigerian bank account. Sign up at grey.co or download the app to get started.

Note: Exchange rates on Grey are variable and include a margin over the mid-market rate. Always review the rate before confirming a conversion.

Frequently asked questions

Is a domiciliary account still worth it in 2026?

For specific use cases, yes. If you receive large wire transfers infrequently, want to hold a significant USD balance under banking regulation, or need the institutional credibility of a commercial bank account, a dom account still serves those purposes. For regular freelance income and everyday USD spending, virtual foreign accounts are more practical.

Can I receive USD in Nigeria without a domiciliary account?

Yes. Virtual foreign currency accounts from platforms like Grey, Geegpay, and Cleva give you USD account details that work as US bank accounts from the sender's perspective. Your client pays via ACH or wire, and the funds are deposited into your wallet without ever touching a Nigerian bank.

What is the cheapest way to receive dollars in Nigeria?

Virtual foreign currency accounts that support ACH transfers are typically the cheapest because they avoid SWIFT intermediary fees entirely. The main cost is the exchange rate spread when you convert to naira, which varies by provider (typically 1% to 3%).

Is Wise or Grey better for Nigerian freelancers?

They serve different needs. Wise offers the mid-market exchange rate, which is excellent for occasional transfers, but it has no card in Nigeria and has periodically disrupted its services in Nigeria. Grey offers a virtual card, Apple Pay/Google Pay, USDC support, and an invoicing tool, making it more practical for Nigerian residents managing regular international income. Many freelancers use both.

Are stablecoins legal in Nigeria?

The regulatory landscape around crypto in Nigeria is evolving. Holding stablecoins is not illegal, and many professionals use them for international payments. Under the 2026 Nigeria Tax Act, stablecoin income is treated as foreign income and must be declared. The main risk is in the off-ramp: converting to naira through unregulated channels can expose you to fraud or compliance issues.

Do I need a Dom account to receive a wire transfer?

Not necessarily. A virtual foreign currency account with SWIFT or wire receiving capability can also receive wire transfers. However, some senders (particularly corporate treasury departments) may prefer to send to a traditional bank account. Check with your payment source whether they accept fintech account details.

Ready to move beyond the dom account? Sign up at grey.co and get your USD, EUR, and GBP account details in minutes.

Last updated:

June 15, 2026

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Brazil, the largest economy in Latin America, is home to a growing freelance workforce. From developers to designers and writers, more Brazilians are working with international clients than ever before. But while working with clients from the UK, US, and EU offers great opportunities, receiving payments can often be a challenge. That’s where Grey comes in.

Grey provides freelancers in Brazil with multi-currency accounts, low fees, and fast transfers, making it easier to get paid by international clients.

Also read: How to manage multiple currencies as an expatriate in Brazil using Grey

Why Brazilian freelancers should open US, UK, and EU bank accounts

  • Faster payments – Many international clients prefer sending payments to accounts within their regions, reducing processing time.
  • Lower exchange costs – Converting USD, GBP, or EUR to BRL through traditional banks can be expensive. A foreign account helps avoid high conversion fees.
  • More credibility – Clients may feel more secure working with freelancers who have US, UK, or EU bank accounts, ensuring smoother transactions.
  • Easier access to global platforms – Some freelance sites prioritise payouts in major currencies, giving Brazilian freelancers a competitive edge.

Also read: How Fiverr freelancers in Brazil can receive payments easily in 2025

Steps to receive payments in US, UK, and EU accounts in Brazil

Grey simplifies the process for Brazilian freelancers to receive international payments by providing virtual US, UK, and EU bank accounts. Here’s how you can receive payments smoothly:

Step 1: Sign up for a Grey account

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  • Click "Sign Up" and provide your email address, phone number, and password.
  • Verify your email and phone number to activate your account
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Step 2: Complete identity verification

  • Upload a valid ID (passport, national ID, or driver’s license).
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  • Grey will review and approve your identity within a short time.

Step 3: Open a foreign currency account

  • Once verified, log into your Grey dashboard.
  • Navigate to "Create Account" and choose the preferred currency (USD, GBP, or EUR).
  • Grey will generate a foreign bank account number and details for you.

Step 4: Share your payment details with clients

  • Copy your newly created US, UK, or EU account details.
  • Send the details to your clients via invoice, email, or contract agreement.
  • Clients can transfer funds directly as if sending to a local account in their country.

Step 5: Convert and withdraw to your Brazilian account

  • Convert your funds from USD, GBP, or EUR to BRL at competitive exchange rates.
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For Brazilian freelancers, Grey ensures faster payments, minimises banking fees, and streamlines international payments. Open your Grey account today for seamless global transactions.

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How freelancers in Tunisia can receive payments from the US, UK & EU clients

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From Tunis to Sfax, the freelancing community in Tunisia continues to enjoy a sporadic boom. Freelancing platforms like Upwork, Fiverr, and social media have opened global markets for local talents in Tunisia.

However, a prevailing concern over the years within this budding community has been about managing payments from international clients in the US, UK and the rest of Europe. Some of the challenges include:

  • Delayed transactions: Many freelancers don't receive their earnings early enough, sometimes taking days to weeks.
  • Failed transactions: Clients often experience failed payments, no thanks to local bank regulations or unsupported platforms.
  • Withdrawal limits: Freelancers might not have access to all their funds due to withdrawal limitations on some freelancing platforms.
  • Exorbitant charges: High transaction charges, unfavourable currency conversion rates and hidden charges reduce a freelancer’s earnings.

Read also: How to open virtual US bank accounts for freelancers outside the USA

Fortunately, reliable digital payment tools like Grey are bridging the financial gaps by offering a seamless option for freelancers to receive money from their international clients.

In this article, we explore the challenges of international payments and how freelancers in Tunisia can receive payments from the US, UK & EU clients

Why Grey is the best solution for freelancers in Tunisia

Grey provides a simple, fast, and cost-effective way for freelancers in Tunisia to receive payments from US, UK, and EU clients. Here's why it stands out:

  • Low fees – No more excessive transaction charges. Keep more of your earnings.
  • Fast transactions – Receive payments from international clients swiftly.
  • Multi-currency support – Get USD, GBP, and EUR accounts to receive payments without high conversion fees.
  • Full transparency – No hidden charges; know exactly what you're paying.
  • Seamless integration – Works with Upwork, Fiverr, Toptal, and other freelance platforms.

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How freelancers in Tunisia can receive payments from the US, UK & EU clients with Grey

Setting up your freelancing payment system with Grey is pretty straightforward.

  • First, create a Grey account
How freelancers in Tunisia can receive payments from the US, UK & EU clients with Grey

Register on Grey's website or the mobile app to create an account if you don't have one already.

  • Next, verify your identity

Grey requires that you complete your Know Your Customer (KYC) verification to gain full access to your account. This entails uploading a valid means of identification, proof of residence and your photograph. This should take no time at all.

  • Then, request for your foreign bank accounts

Once your account has been verified, go to 'Accounts' to get your US, UK and EU accounts.

  • Finally, link your account

If you are using a third-party freelancing platform, you can add your Grey USD, GBP, or EUR bank details to your account to receive payments. If you are working directly with a client, you can send them the account details so they can make payments directly into your account. Receive payments into your Grey account, convert to Tunisian Dinar (TND), and withdraw in minutes.

Read also: How to get an instant USD debit card in Tunisia

Receiving freelancing payments  from the US, UK & EU clients with Grey

As the freelancing community in Tunisia continues to grow, the need for seamless cross-border payment solutions increases. With Grey, freelancers in Tunisia can enjoy a smooth, fast, and reliable way to receive international payments. Sign up today and start earning without borders!

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How freelancers in Ethiopia can receive payments from the US, UK & EU clients

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The gig economy, including freelancing, is rapidly gaining traction in Ethiopia, particularly through online platforms like Upwork. Many young Ethiopians and tech-savvy individuals are actively participating in the freelance market, and are expected to cross one million by the end of 2025. With platforms like Upwork, Fiverr, and Toptal, local talent is gaining access to international clients and global opportunities.

However, one of the biggest concerns for freelancers in Ethiopia is managing payments from clients in the US, UK, and Europe. Many struggle with inefficient banking systems, high transaction fees, and long delays in receiving their earnings. Common challenges include:

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  • Failed transactions: International payments sometimes fail due to unsupported platforms or local banking restrictions.
  • Withdrawal limits: Many freelancers face challenges accessing their entire earnings due to platform-imposed withdrawal restrictions.
  • High transaction fees: Excessive charges and poor exchange rates reduce freelancers' net earnings.

Fortunately, Grey provides a seamless solution for freelancers in Ethiopia, allowing them to receive international payments quickly and affordably.

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Why Grey is the best solution for freelancers in Ethiopia

Grey offers a fast, reliable, and cost-effective ****way for Ethiopian freelancers to receive payments from international clients. Here's why it stands out:

  • Low transaction fees – Avoid excessive deductions and keep more of your earnings.
  • Fast processing times – Receive funds without long delays.
  • Multi-currency accounts – Get USD, GBP, and EUR accounts to receive payments directly in foreign currencies.
  • Transparent pricing – No hidden fees; you always know what you're paying.
  • Seamless integration – Works with freelancing platforms like Upwork, Fiverr, and Toptal.

How freelancers in Ethiopia can receive payments from the US, UK & EU clients with Grey

Setting up Grey for your freelancing payments is simple and hassle-free.

1. Create a Grey account

Sign up on the Grey website or download the mobile app to register your account.

How freelancers in Ethiopia can receive payments from the US, UK & EU clients with Grey

2. Verify your identity

Grey requires Know Your Customer (KYC) verification to unlock full account access. Upload a valid ID, proof of address, and a selfie. This process is quick and ensures secure transactions.

Read also: Top reasons your KYC verification is failing and how to fix them

3. Request your foreign bank accounts

Once verified, go to the 'Accounts' section to get your USD, GBP, and EUR accounts for receiving payments internationally.

4. Link your account to freelancing platforms or share details with clients

If you work on platforms like Upwork or Fiverr, add your Grey bank details to receive payments directly. For direct clients, share your Grey account details so they can send funds seamlessly. Convert your earnings to Ethiopian Birr (ETB) and withdraw in minutes.

Receiving payments from the US, UK & EU clients with Grey

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The freelancing space in Rwanda is growing rapidly, with more young professionals leveraging online platforms like Upwork to access global job opportunities. The government's significant investment in the ICT sector and widespread internet access have allowed skilled individuals to access an international market for remote work, particularly in software development, web design, and mobile app development. Thus, it offers flexible income and career growth opportunities, especially among the young population facing high unemployment rates.

However, receiving payments from clients abroad remains a challenge for many freelancers in Rwanda. Common payment hurdles include:

  • Slow transactions: International payments can take days or even weeks to process, delaying access to funds.
  • Failed transfers: Some payments do not go through due to platform restrictions or local banking regulations.
  • Limited withdrawal options: Certain freelancing platforms impose withdrawal limits, restricting access to entire earnings.
  • High transfer costs: Unfavourable exchange rates and excessive fees reduce the actual amount received.

Fortunately, Grey offers a smooth and efficient solution for freelancers in Rwanda, allowing them to receive payments from international clients quickly and affordably.

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Why Grey is the best solution for freelancers in Rwanda

Grey provides a fast, affordable, and hassle-free way for freelancers in Rwanda to receive international payments. Here’s why it’s the preferred choice:

  • Low transaction fees – Save more of your hard-earned money with minimal charges.
  • Fast payment processing – Receive payments without unnecessary delays.
  • Multi-currency accounts – Get USD, GBP, and EUR accounts to accept payments directly.
  • Transparent pricing – No hidden fees; you know exactly what you’re paying.
  • Seamless integration – Works with major freelancing platforms like Upwork, Fiverr, and Toptal.

Read also: How to get an instant USD debit card in Rwanda

How freelancers in Rwanda can receive payments from the US, UK & EU clients with Grey

Setting up Grey for your freelancing payments is straightforward and user-friendly.

1. Create a Grey account

Register on the Grey website or download the mobile app to get started.

How freelancers in Rwanda can receive payments from the US, UK & EU clients with Grey

2. Complete identity verification

To verify your identity and ensure security, Grey requires Know Your Customer (KYC) verification before you can fully use your account. This involves submitting a valid ID, proof of address, and a selfie for security purposes. The process is quick and ensures smooth transactions.

Read also: Top reasons your KYC verification is failing and how to fix them

3. Request your foreign bank accounts

Once verified, navigate to the ‘Accounts’ section to generate your USD, GBP, and EUR accounts to receive payments internationally.

4. Link your account to freelancing platforms or share your details with clients

If you work through platforms like Upwork or Fiverr, simply add your Grey bank details to receive payments directly. If you work with private clients, share your Grey account information with them for seamless transfers. You can then easily convert your earnings to Rwandan Francs (RWF) and withdraw your funds.

Receiving freelancing payments effortlessly with Grey

As Rwanda’s freelancing sector grows, having a reliable cross-border payment solution is crucial. Grey simplifies the process, enabling freelancers to receive international payments quickly and securely. Sign up today and start getting paid with ease!

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How freelancers in Senegal can receive payments from the US, UK & EU clients

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Freelancing is gaining momentum in Senegal, with more professionals turning to online platforms like Upwork, Fiverr, and Toptal to secure international work opportunities. Its largely multilingual population makes it easy to collaborate with clients across continents. This has opened many freelancers to earning in foreign currencies.

However, receiving payments from international clients remains challenging due to traditional banking restrictions. Some other hurdles to cross-border payments in Senegal include:

  • Delayed transactions: Payments can take days or weeks to process, sometimes leaving freelancers stranded.
  • Failed transactions: Local banking regulations and unsupported platforms can lead to unsuccessful transfers.
  • Limited withdrawal options: Some freelancing platforms impose restrictions, preventing full access to earnings.
  • High transfer fees: Unfavourable exchange rates and excessive charges reduce freelancers' income.

Fortunately, Grey provides a simple, fast, and cost-effective solution for freelancers in Senegal to receive international payments seamlessly.

Why Grey is the best solution for freelancers in Senegal

Grey offers a reliable and affordable way for freelancers in Senegal to receive payments from international clients. Here's why it stands out:

  • Competitive conversion rate – Avoid excessive transaction charges and keep more of your earnings. Users can monitor the real-time exchange rate and convert earnings at the best possible rates.
  • Fast payments – Receive funds without unnecessary delays.
  • Multi-currency accounts – Get USD, GBP, and EUR accounts to receive payments directly.
  • Transparent pricing – Grey has no hidden fee. You'll always know how much you're paying.
  • Works well with freelancing platforms – Grey integrates seamlessly with the payment channel on many freelancing platforms like Upwork, Fiverr, and Toptal.

How freelancers in Senegal can receive payments from the US, UK & EU clients with Grey

Setting up Grey for freelancing payments is quick and hassle-free.

1. Create a Grey account

Sign up on the Grey website or download the mobile app to register.

How freelancers in Senegal can receive payments from the US, UK & EU clients with Grey

Read also: How to open US bank accounts in Senegal

2. Verify your identity

Complete Grey's Know Your Customer (KYC) verification by uploading a valid ID, proof of address, and a selfie. This process is secure and ensures smooth transactions.

Read also: Top reasons your KYC verification is failing and how to fix them

3. Request your foreign bank accounts

Once verified, navigate to the 'Accounts' section to generate your USD, GBP, and EUR accounts to start receiving payments from international clients.

4. Link your account to freelancing platforms or share details with clients

If you use freelancing platforms like Upwork or Fiverr, add your bank details to receive payments directly. If you work with direct clients, share your Grey account information for seamless transfers. Convert your earnings to West African CFA francs (XOF) and withdraw in minutes.

Receive international payments effortlessly with Grey

As Senegal's freelancing industry grows, a reliable cross-border payment solution is essential. Grey makes it easy for freelancers to receive international payments quickly and securely. Sign up today and start getting paid with ease!

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The biggest financial challenges expats face in UK, US and Canada

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2 min read

Moving to a new country brings exciting opportunities but also financial challenges. UK, US, and Canada expats often struggle with banking, currency exchange, taxation, and managing expenses across borders. Understanding these challenges can help expatriates better navigate their financial lives abroad and avoid unnecessary financial stress.

Opening a bank account

One of the first financial hurdles expats face is setting up a local bank account. Many banks require proof of residence, employment, or a credit history, which can be difficult for newcomers.

  • UK: Expats often struggle to provide utility bills or rental agreements in their name since many landlords include rent bills or require long-term residency. Non-resident accounts are available but come with higher fees and limited functionality.
  • US and Canada: Social Security Numbers (SSN) or Social Insurance Numbers (SIN) are required to open an account, and local employment or a permanent address may be necessary. This creates added complexity for those still settling in.

Also read: How to create US and UK bank accounts as a migrant worker

Currency exchange and international transfers

Managing finances across different currencies can be costly. Traditional banks and money transfer services often charge high fees and offer unfavourable exchange rates.

  • High fees: Some banks charge up to 5% in conversion fees, and international wire transfers may have hidden costs.
  • Fluctuating exchange rates: Exchange rate volatility can reduce the value of an expat’s salary or savings when converted to their home currency.

Credit history and access to loans

Credit scores do not transfer between countries, meaning expats must build their credit from scratch.

  • US and Canada: Credit scores heavily influence financial opportunities, making it difficult for expats without a local credit history to access loans, mortgages, or even credit cards.
  • UK: Some banks offer ‘international accounts’ with limited credit options, but they come with higher fees and stricter eligibility requirements.

You may also like: How to create a Grey US virtual card

Taxation complexities

Understanding tax obligations is another major challenge. Expats may be subject to double taxation if both their home country and host country require them to file tax returns.

  • United States: Expats must file annually with the IRS, even if they live abroad, and are subject to worldwide income taxation. However, exclusions like the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion (FEIE) may apply.
  • United Kingdom: Expats pay taxes only on UK-earned income unless they remain domiciled in the UK for tax purposes.
  • Canada: Tax residency is based on ties to the country, meaning expats may still owe taxes even after moving abroad unless they sever most financial and social ties.

Cost of living and financial planning

The cost of living in major cities like London, New York, and Toronto can be significantly higher than in other parts of the world. Expats often underestimate housing, healthcare, and insurance expenses.

  • Housing: In cities like London and New York, rent can consume more than 50% of an individual’s income. Landlords often require multiple months’ rent upfront if the tenant lacks a local credit history.
  • Healthcare: The NHS provides free healthcare in the UK, but some services require out-of-pocket expenses or private insurance. Healthcare is expensive in the US, with many employers offering private insurance. Public healthcare in Canada exists but comes with long waiting times, prompting many to opt for private coverage. For expatriates navigating these healthcare systems, Insured Nomads offers an affordable, flexible health insurance plan designed to provide coverage globally.
  • Pensions and taxes: Expats may need to continue contributing to pensions in their home country or transfer pension benefits to the new country, a process that can be complicated and subject to tax penalties.

Expats may struggle with unexpected costs without careful budgeting, making financial planning essential.

How Grey simplifies financial management for expats

Grey offers a seamless solution to many of these financial challenges, making life easier for expats by providing a modern, borderless banking experience. With a Grey account, expats can:

  • Open international accounts easily: No need for local credit history, permanent residency, or complex paperwork.
  • Send and receive money affordably: Access competitive exchange rates and low fees on international transfers, helping expats save money.
  • Manage multiple currencies: You can hold and exchange money in different currencies without worrying about high conversion costs or exchange rate volatility.
  • Simplify financial transactions: Enjoy fast, secure, and transparent banking without hidden fees, making it easier to manage finances across different countries.

Grey provides a hassle-free way for expats in the UK, US, and Canada to manage finances across borders. It helps them avoid high banking fees, currency exchange losses, and administrative headaches. Open a Grey account today and easily control your international finances.

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